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The following over 120 plants have multiple uses:
As food and medicinal sources for bees (nectar, pollen, resins and balsams).
As food sources and natural drugs potentially for every living being, including us!
If you have the possibility to protect or grow these plants please DO IT !
Ask your local gardener for more "technical" advice. By protecting these plants you protect your own, and others, Life and Health!
TREES
Common Name |
Latin Name |
Useful parts |
Crop (Honey/ha) |
FIR TREE |
Abies alba |
buds, resins, essential oils, pollen, sap for honeydew honey |
15-20 kg/ha |
SWEET CHESTNUT |
Castanea sativa |
fruits, nectar, pollen |
30-120 kg/ha |
HORSE-CHESTNUT |
Aesculus hippocastanum |
nectar, pollen, seeds |
30-100 kg/ha |
BEECH TREE |
Fagus silvatica |
leaves, bark, nectar, pollen, sap for honeydew honey |
20 kg/ha |
ASH TREE |
Fraxinus excelsior |
leaves, pollen, sap for honeydew honey |
15-20 kg/ha |
FIELD MAPLE |
Acer campestre |
bark, nectar, pollen, sap for honeydew honey |
200-400 kg/ha |
BIRCH TREE |
Betula alba |
leaves, resins, resins and balsams, pollen, sap for honeydew honey |
8-10 kg/ha |
ROUND LOGS SPRUCE |
Picea excelsa |
Resins, essential oils, pollen, sap for honeydew honey |
15-20 kg/ha |
WALNUT |
Juglans regia |
Leaves, fruits, pollen |
---- |
GOLDEN RAINTREE |
Koelreuteria paniculata |
Flowers, nectar, pollen |
100-200 kg/ha |
NORWAY MAPLE |
Acer platanoides |
Flowers, bark, nectar, pollen, sap for honeydew honey |
100-200 kg/ha |
PINE |
Pinus silvestris |
Resins, buds, essential oils, pollen, sap for honeydew honey |
---- |
POPLAR |
Populus nigra |
buds, resins and balsams, pollen, sap for honeydew honey |
---- |
JAPANESE PAGODA TREE |
Sophora japonica |
Leaves,
flowering buds; small, young branches; fruits nectar, pollen |
300-350 kg/ha |
ACACIA |
Robinia pseudoacacia |
Flowers, pollen, nectar |
1000 kg/ha |
WHITE WILLOW |
Salix alba |
bark, nectar, pollen, sap for honeydew honey |
100-120 kg/ha |
GOAT WILLOW |
Salix caprea |
bark, nectar, pollen |
100-200 kg/ha |
OAK |
Quercus robur |
bark, pollen, sap for honeydew honey |
---- |
SILVER LINDEN |
Tilia tomentosa |
flowers, nectar, pollen |
1200 kg/ha |
LARGE LEAVED LIME |
Tilia platyphyllos |
flowers, pollen, nectar |
800 kg/ha |
SMALL LEAVED LIME |
Tilia cordata |
flowers, nectar, pollen |
1000 kg/ha |
ELM TREE |
Ulmus campestris |
bark, pollen, sap for honeydew honey |
8-10 kg/ha |
SHRUBS
Common Name |
Latin Name |
Products |
Crop |
BILBERRY BUSH |
Vaccinum myrtillus |
Leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen |
10-12 kg/ha |
GOOSEBERRY
BARBERRY |
Ribes grossularis/uva crispa |
fruits, nectar, pollen |
25-70 kg/ha |
GOLDEN FLOWERING CURRANT |
Ribes aureum |
fruits, nectar, pollen |
---- |
HAZELNUT TREE
FILBERT |
Corylus avellana |
fruits, pollen, sap for honeydew honey |
15-20 kg/ha |
BOX TREE |
Buxus sempervirens |
Leaves, roots, wood, nectar, pollen |
---- |
SNOWBALL TREE |
Viburnum opulus |
bark, nectar, pollen |
25-40 kg/ha |
COMMON SEA BUCKTHORN |
Hippophae rhamnoides |
fruits, nectar, pollen |
25 kg/ha |
SALTCEDAR |
Tamarix ramosissima /galica |
bark, roots, branches, flowers, leaves with branches, nectar, pollen |
25 kg/ha |
BLACK CURRANT. CASSIS |
Ribes nigrum |
leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen |
10-30 kg/ha |
ALDER BUCKTHORN |
Rhamnus frangula |
bark, nectar, pollen |
35-100 kg/ha |
BARBERRY |
Berberis vulgaris |
bark from the roots and stem, fruits, nectar, pollen |
30 kg/ha |
IVY |
Hedera helix |
leaves, nectar, pollen |
---- |
ROSEHIPS
Hipberry |
Rosa canina |
pseudofruits, fruits, nectar, pollen |
10-20 kg/ha |
BLACKBERRY
Bramble |
Rubus fruticosus |
leaves, fruits,
nectar, pollen |
---- |
EUROPEAN DEWBERRY |
Rubus caesius |
fruits, nectar, pollen |
30-50 kg/ha |
|
Rhus glabra/tiphina |
nectar, pollen |
30-60 kg/ha |
HAWTHORN |
Crataegus sp. |
flowers, leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen |
35-100 kg/ha |
CHRIST'S THORN |
Paliurus spina christi |
fruits, nectar |
|
BLACKTHORN |
Prunus spinosa |
flowers, fruits, bark of the roots + stem; pollen, nectar |
25-40 kg/ha |
ROSEMARIE |
Rosmarinus officinalis |
flowers, nectar |
---- |
CORNEL TREE (BLOODY TWING) |
Cornus sanguinea |
fruits, bark, nectar, pollen |
20-30 kg/ha |
ELDER TREE |
Sambucus nigra |
flowers, nectar, pollen |
80 kg/ha |
VINE
Grape-vine |
Vitis vinifera |
fruits, nectar, pollen |
5-10 kg/ha |
RASPBERRY |
Rubus idaeus |
leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen |
50-200 kg/ha |
FRUIT TREES
BLUEBERRY,
Billberry. |
Vaccinum myrtillus |
leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen |
10-12 kg/ha |
HAZELNUT |
Corylus avellana |
fruits, pollen, sap for honeydew honey |
15-20 kg/ha |
APRICOT TREE |
Prunus armeniaca |
fruits, nectar, pollen |
25-40 kg/ha |
CHERRY TREE |
Prunus avium |
fruits, nectar, pollen |
20-40 kg/ha |
WAX CHERRY TREE |
Prunus cerasifera |
fruits, nectar, pollen |
25 kg/ha |
CORNEL TREE |
Cornus mas |
leaves, bark, fruits, nectar, pollen |
20 kg/ha |
MULBERRY TREE (White fruits) |
Morus alba |
leaves, fruits (i)mature bark of roots, pollen |
---- |
MULBERRY TREE (Black fruits) |
Morus nigra |
leaves, fruits (i)mature, bark of roots, pollen |
---- |
QUINCE TREE |
Cydonia oblonga |
fruits, nectar, pollen |
30 kg/ha |
LEMON TREE |
Citrus limon |
fruits, nectar, pollen |
---- |
APPLE TREE |
Malus domestica |
fruits, nectar, pollen |
20-30 kg/ha |
ALMOND TREE |
Prunus amygdalus |
fruits, nectar, pollen |
|
HAWTHORN |
Crataegus sp. |
flowers, leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen |
35-100 kg/ha |
PEAR TREE |
Pyrus communis |
leaves, fruits, bark, nectar, pollen |
8-20 kg/ha |
PEACH TREE |
Prunus persica |
flowers, leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen |
20-40 kg/ha |
PLUM TREE |
Prunus domestica |
fruits, nectar, pollen |
20-30 kg/ha |
CHERRY TREE (Sour fruits) |
Prunus cerasus |
fruits, nectar, pollen |
30-40 kg/ha |
VINE
(Grape-vine) |
Vitis vinifera |
leaves, grapes, spring sap, wine, nectar, pollen |
5-10 kg/ha |
RASPBERRY |
Rubus idaeus |
leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen |
50-200 kg/ha |
TREES, SHRUBS for HEDGES
BOX TREE |
Buxus sempervirens |
leaves, roots, wood, nectar, pollen |
---- |
ALDER BUCKTHORN |
Rhamnus frangula |
bark,
nectar, pollen |
35-100 kg/ha |
BARBERRY |
Berberis vulgaris |
bark of roots and stem, fruits,
nectar, pollen |
30 kg/ha |
HONEY-LOCUST TREE (Gleditsia) |
Gleditschia triacanthos |
fruits |
---- |
LILAC |
Syringa vulgaris |
flowers, nectar, pollen |
10-20 kg/ha |
ROSEHIPS |
Rosa canina |
pseudo-fruits, fruits, nectar, pollen |
10-20 kg/ha |
HAWTHORN |
Crataegus sp. |
flowers, leaves, fruits, nectar, pollen |
35-100 kg/ha |
CHRIST'S THORN |
Paliurus spina christi |
fruits |
---- |
BLACK THORN |
Prunus spinosa |
flowers, fruits, bark from roots + stem; pollen, nectar |
25-40 kg/ha |
ROSEMARIE |
Rosmarinus officinalis |
flowers, nectar |
---- |
ACCACIA |
Robinia pseudoacacia |
flowers, pollen, nectar |
1000 kg/ha !! |
BUCKTHORN |
Rhamnus cathartica |
fruits |
---- |
VERVAIN |
Verbena officinalis |
nectar |
---- |
PERENNIAL BEE AND MEDICINAL PLANTS
ANGELICA |
Archangelica officinalis |
fruits, roots, nectar, pollen |
90 kg/ha |
ARTICHOKE |
Cynara scolymus |
leaves, nectar, pollen |
150-400 kg/ha |
MARJORAM |
Origanum vulgare |
herba, essential oils, nectar, pollen |
---- |
CATMINT |
Nepeta cataria |
nectar; herba |
|
CHICORY |
Cichorium intybus |
herba, roots, rhizome, nectar, pollen |
100 kg/ha |
SHEPHERD'S THYME |
Thymus serpylli |
herba, nectar, pollen |
200 kg/ha |
FOENICULUM
Fennel |
Foeniculum vulgare |
Seeds, nectar, pollen |
25-100 kg/ha |
SNOWDROP |
Galanthus nivalis |
bulb, nectar, pollen |
---- |
BIRD'S FOOT TREFOIL |
Lotus corniculatus |
leaves, flowers, nectar, pollen |
15-30 kg/ha |
HOPS |
Humulus lupulus |
cones, nectar |
---- |
HYSSOP |
Hyssopus officinalis |
herba, essential oils, nectar, pollen |
50-100 kg/ha |
LAVENDER |
Lavandula angustifolia |
flowers, essential oils, nectar, pollen |
50-100 kg/ha |
ALFALFA |
Medicago sativa |
germinated seeds, nectar, pollen |
25-200 kg/ha |
MINT |
Mentha piperita |
herba, nectar, pollen |
100-200 kg/ha |
MALLOW |
Malva silvestris |
ripped seeds, nectar, pollen |
30-50 kg/ha |
DANDELION |
Taraxacum officinale |
herba, roots, nectar, pollen |
200 kg/ha |
COLT'S FOOT |
Tussilago farfara L. |
flowers, leaves, nectar, pollen |
---- |
EPILOBIUM,
Willow herb |
Chamenerion/Epilobium hyrsutum |
herb, nectar, pollen |
40-60 kg/ha |
BALM MINT |
Melissa officinalis |
leaves, nectar, pollen |
100-150 kg/ha |
MEADOW SAGE, GARDEN SAGE |
Salvia pratensis, Salvia off. |
leaves, nectar, pollen |
280 kg/ha |
SEA HOLLY; FIELD ERYNGO |
Eryngium planum, campestre |
herba, nectar, pollen |
100-150 kg/ha |
ASPARAGUS |
Asparagus officinale |
plant, nectar, pollen |
---- |
GOLDEN ROD |
Solidago virgaurea |
herba, nectar, pollen |
|
SWEET CLOVER (Melilot) |
Melilotus officinalis |
young branches, nectar, pollen |
150-300 kg/ha |
MOTHERWORT |
Leonurus cardiaca |
young branches, nectar, pollen |
200-400 kg/ha |
WHITE CLOVER |
Trifolium repens |
flowers, nectar, pollen |
100-250 kg/ha |
RED CLOVER |
Trifolium pratense |
flowers, nectar, pollen |
25-50 kg/ha |
HOREHOUND |
Marrubium vulgare |
young branches, nectar, pollen |
50 kg/ha |
DEAD NETTLE |
Lamium album |
herba, nectar, pollen |
50-150 kg/ha |
MISTLETOE |
Viscum album |
leaves, branches, nectar |
---- |
SPEEDWELL |
Veronica officinalis |
flowers, nectar, pollen |
40 kg/ha |
SAINT JOHN'S WORT |
Hypericum perforatum |
herba, pollen |
---- |
ANNUAL BEE AND MEDICINAL PLANTS
CORN
FLOWER |
Centaurea cyanus |
flowers, nectar, pollen |
60 kg/ha |
ANISE |
Pimpinella anisum |
fruits, essential oils, nectar, pollen |
50 kg/ha |
BASIL |
Ocimum basilicum |
herba without old (woody) branches, essential oils, nectar, pollen |
100-120 Kg/ha |
THYME |
Thymus vulgaris |
herba, seeds, nectar |
---- |
CORIANDER |
Coriander sativum |
seeds, nectar, pollen |
100-500 kg/ha |
PUMPKIN |
Cucurbita maxima |
seeds, nectar, pollen |
75-105 kg/ha |
BEAN |
Faseolus vulgaris |
hull of seeds (fructus phaseoli sine semine); nectar |
---- |
SUNFLOWER |
Helianthus annuus |
seeds, oil, nectar, pollen |
34-102 kg/ha |
MARIGOLD |
Calendula officinalis |
flowers, nectar, pollen |
---- |
BUCKWHEAT |
Fagopyrum esculentum |
seeds, herba with flowers; nectar, pollen |
50-60 kg/ha |
LING |
Calluna vulgaris |
Small young branches with complete open leaves, nectar, pollen |
200 kg/ha |
FLAX |
Linum usitatissimum |
seeds, nectar, pollen |
10 kg/ha |
RED POPPY |
Papaver rhoeas |
seeds, pollen |
---- |
MUSTARD (white) |
Sinapis alba |
seeds, nectar, pollen |
40 kg/ha |
CHARLOCK |
Sinapis arvensis |
seeds, nectar, pollen |
40 kg/ha |
MELON |
Cucumis melo |
fruit, nectar, pollen |
10-40 Kg/ha |
WATER MELLON |
Colocynthis citrullus |
fruit, seeds, nectar, pollen |
40-100 kg/ha |
CORN |
Zea mays |
stygmata maydis; seeds; pollen |
---- |
RADISH |
Raphames sativus |
nectar, pollen |
40-50 kg/ha |
BEET |
Beta vulgaris |
roots, nectar, pollen |
5-15 kg/ha |
WHITE SWEET CLOVER |
Melilotus alba |
flowers, herba, nectar, pollen |
200-500 kg/ha |
CABBAGE |
Brassica oleracea |
leaves, nectar, pollen |
20-30 kg/ha |
VERVAIN |
Verbena officinalis |
herba, nectar |
---- |
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